Assessing the risk of stem rot of canola

Below are 12 practical tips to complement the recent Canola Watch Information (posted July 2, 2020 in Issue 16).
Tweeted 25 June 2019 by @PCDMN

Factors related TO THE HOST…
1.  Canopy closure: Closure promotes soil moisture favourable to germination of sclerotia and production of apothecia when rainfall occurs.

2.  Flowering date and period: Does flowering coincide with favourable weather conditions, i.e. moderate temps and rainfall/high relative humidity?

3.  Lodging potential: Varieties with a greater lodging risk or where fertility levels (N) are high may have an increased risk of stem rot.

4.  Yield potential: 
* Impacts canopy density, which is also influenced by N fertility.
* Limited risk and need for fungicide when yield <30 bu/acre.

5.  Commodity price:
* Impacts cost/benefit of using a fungicide.
* Low commodity price = tough decision.
* High commodity price = easier decision.

Factors related TO THE PATHOGEN…
6.  History of sclerotinia in field or area AND Presence of apothecia:
* In field or adjacent fields
* Easy to find within 20-30 minutes

7.  Moderate-high – levels of petal infestation with the stem rot fungus and/or ascospore load in the air: Can change over the flowering period

8.  Increased risk when: History of stem rot and/or ample inoculum at flowering coincides with frequent rainfall, and ↑ed yield potential.

9.  Reduced risk when: Limited history of stem rot and lack of inoculum at flowering coincides with dry conditions and temperatures of >30 °C.

Factors related TO THE ENVIRONMENT….
10.  June rainfall:
 * Sufficient to maintain soil near field capacity
 * Plus a well-developed canopy will promote sclerotial germination

11.  July conditions:
 * Rainfall (at least 5-10 mm) on > than 2 days per week and/or RH >80-90%
 * Humidity promotes sticking of petals to canopy

12.  July conditions:
 * Crop canopy is wet throughout most to all of the day
 * Irrigation may ↑ risk, but high temps (>30C) will ↓ risk